Skip to main content

AD

ENDOCRINE GLANDS KEY WORDS OR SENTENCES TO UNDERSTAND FOR 2ND YEAR STUDENTS

 

ASSALAM  U  ALAIKUM !

I hope all of you are fine and happy . You are reading TN WRITES . In today’s  post I am going to tell you about key words/Sentences to understand and learn Endocrine Glands from Chapter 17 of Biology (2nd year class). On the last you can also find a pdf file in which all of this is available in table form you can also download that pdf file through GOOGLE  DRIVE ………

So Let’s Start :-‘’’’’’’

Table of contact :-





Gland /Hormone :-

Somatotrophic hormone

Control of Secretion :-

Somatotrophin releasing factor

Functions :-

> Growth and development

>Cell growth and cell division

>Increase rate of protein synthesis after adolescence

Hypo secretion :-

>Dwarfism

>Symptoms associated with lack of thyroid and adrenal hormones

Hyper Secretion :-

>During childhood = Gigantism

>Adult life = Acromegaly

>Enlarged hands and feet , Skull , nose & Jaw bone

---------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Control of Secretion :-

Thyrotrophin Releasing factor (TRF)

Functions :-

Stimulate thyroid gland and increase their No. Of secretions

Hypo secretion :-

Hypothyroidism

Hyper Secretion :-

Hyperthyroidism

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

ACTH

Control of Secretion :-

>ACTRF

>Steroid level in blood

>Stress like cold,heat,pain,fright,infections

Functions :-

Syimulate secretion of corticosteroids

Hypo secretion :-

Disturbance of normal Adrenal function

Hyper Secretion :-

Disturbance of normal Adrenal function

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Gonadotrophic hormone , FSH , LH , ICSH , Prolactin , LTH

Control of Secretion :-

>FSH and LH

> Gn RH

>Prolactin (Produced from pituitary inhibited by PIF from hypothalamus )

Functions :-

• FSH

> In Females

1. Stimulates follicles development

2. Secretion of estrogen

> In Males

1. Sperms production

2. Development of germinal epithelium of testes

• Prolactin

1. Milk production

•LH

1. Ovulation (With FSH)

2. Maintain corpus luteum (With prolactin)

• ICSH (Only in males )

1. Secrete testosterone

 ----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

MSH ( From median lobe of pituitary )

Control of Secretion :-

>Inhibited by MSH inhibitory hormone >External light

Functions :-

>Stimulate production of melanin by melanocytes in skin and hair

Hyper Secretion :-

>Increase in pregnancy and in ADDISON'S DISEASE

>Darkening of skin

-----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Anti-Diuretic hormone (ADH)

Control of Secretion :-

>Dehydration

>Decrease in blood volume

>Low blood pressure

>Osmotic pressure of blood detected by osmoreceptors in Hypothalamus

Functions :-

Reabsorption of water from collecting duct

Hypo secretion :-

>Diabetes Inspidus

•Increase dilute urine

•Increse thrist

Hyper Secretion :-

Kidney Problems

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Oxytocin

Control of Secretion :-

>Distention of cervix

>Decrease progesterone level

>Nervous stimuli during parturition and suckling

Functions :-

>Induce labour pain

>Milk ejection

Hypo secretion :-

Decrease labour contraction

Hyper Secretion :-

Rupturing of uterine wall3

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Thyroid Gland

    >Two lobes

    >Either side of trachea inferior to larynx

•Triiodothyronine-T3

•Tetraiodothyronine-T4(Thyroxin)

•Calcitonin

Control of Secretion :-

>Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

>Rapid growth period

>Sexual maturation

>Stress like cold and hunger

Functions :-

>T3 and T4

  •Increase basal metabolic rate by glycolysis and generate ATP

  •Growth , and act directly on brain cells causing them to differentiate (with somatotrophic Hormone)

  •In Amphibians , they bring about the process of metamorphosis

  •Development of nervous system in fetus and infants

  •Increase motility GIT

Hypo Secretion :-

>Congenital-Critinism

•Abnormal development

•Small coarse scanty hair

•Thick Yellow scaly skin

•Mentally retarded

•Sexually immature►

  ► Later in Life Due to Deficiency of lovline causes - GOITER

>Adult - Myxedema

•Deposition of excess fat

•Increase weight

•Puffiness of hands and skin

•Mentally retarded

Hyper Secretion :-

>Graves' Disease

  Production of Abnormal Protein that stimulate Thyroid Gland

•Exophthalmic goiter

•Increase B.M.R

•Cardiac failure (If Prolonged)

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Calcitonin

Control of Secretion :-

High calcium in blood

Function :-

Deposit calcium in bones

Hpyo Secretion :-

Disturbance in function of muscle and Nervous System and Kidney Stones 

Hyper Secretion :-

 Disturbance in function of muscle and Nervous System

 ----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Parathyroid gland

 >Posterior Part in Lateral Lobe of Thyroid    

 >Four in Number

   •Parathormone

Control of Secretion :-

Low calcium in blood

 Functions :-

Control Calcium level in Blood

 Hypo secretion :-

 Tetany   

Hyper Secretion :-

Muscle weakness Bone weakness Kidney stones

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Adrenal medulla

Adrenaline

Nor-adrenaline 

Control of Secretion :-

Stress

Functions :-

•Epinephrine

•Dilate blood vessels of Skeletal muscles and increase heart output

•Nor-epinephrine

•Vaso constriction of gut

•Both increase blood pressure Release of glucose from liver glycogen

Hypo secretion :-

Cannot face stress situation

Hyper Secretion :-

Hypertension

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland /Hormone :-

Adrenal cortex

 •Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

 • Corticosterone

 •Mineralocorticoid (Aldosterone)

 • Androgens

 Control of Secretion :-

Glucose and mineral levels in the blood

 Functions :-

>CORTISOL

    • Regulate blood glucose level by protein breakdown

>MINERALOCORTICOID

   •Regulate mineral ion balance by preventing loss from kidney.

>CORTICOSTERONE

   •Regulate Glucose and mineral ion balance in the body

>ANDROGENS

  •Development of secondary male characters.

Hypo secretion :-

>ADDISON'S DISEASE

  •Weakness of muscle action

  •Loss of salts

  •Stress situation can cause death

Hyper Secretion :-

>CUSHING DISEASE

  Excess increase of Protein breakdown cause Muscle & bone weakness.

>ANDROGENS

  In female development of male characteristics

 ----------------------------------------------------------

Gland/Hormone:-

Gonads

 >Ovary

    •ESTROGEN

    •PROGESTERONE

 >TESTES

    •TESTOSTERONE

    •17 B Hydroxy testosterone

Control of Secretion :-

>ESTROGEN

  Ripening (Graffian) follicles

 •Puberty

>PROGESTERONE

Ruptured Follicles

•Corpus luteum in response to LH

>TESTES

•  ICSH

•From sex organs of Fetus

Functions :-

>ESTROGEN

•Heal and repair endometrium

•Release LH from Pituitary

•Make uterine cells glandular to provide nutrition to the embryo

>PROGESTERONE

•Inhibit FSH

•Thickening & vascularization of endometrium

•Maintain pregnancy

•Suppresses ovulation

>TESTES

•Mature male reproductive organs

•Secondary sex characters

•Sex drive

•Sperm production

Hypo Secretion :-

>ESTROGEN

 •Sexually immature

 •Sterility in adults

>PROGESTERONE

 •Decreases chances of pregnancy

 •Early menstruation

 •Miscarriage

>TESTES

•Femine characteristics

•Male sterility

Hyper Secretion :-

 Abnormal growth in uterus 

-------------------------------------------------------------

Gland/Hormone :-

 >GUT

   •GASTRIN

   •SECRETIN

Control of Secretion :-

>Gastrin

  •Protein Food in Stomach

  •Mucosa of pyloric region of Stomach

>Secretin

  • Acidic Chyme

Functions :-

>Gastrin

   Secrete Gastric Juice  

>Secretin

   Bile and Pancreatic Secretion

----------------------------------------------------------

Gland/Hormone :-

>PANCREAS (Islets of Langerhans)   •INSULIN

•GLUCAGON

Control of Secretion :-

>Insulin

  High GLUCOSE in Blood from Beta cells of Langerhans

>Glucagon

Low Glucose in Blood from  alpha cells of Langerhans

Functions :-

>Insulin

  Decrease Glucose Concentration in Blood by

   •Glycogenesis

   •Increase Use of Glucose in Cellular respiration

  •Gluconcogenesis

>Glucagon

  •Convert Glycogen to glucose

  •Increase breakdown of fats

Hypo Secretion :-

>Insulin

  •DIABETES MELLITUS

  •TOXIC metabolites from fat accumulate

>Glucagon

   •Hypoglycemia

Hyper Secretion :-

>Insulin

   • Hypoglycemia

>Glucagon

   •Hyperglycemia

-------------------------------------------------------------

You can also find the whole data I have mentioned above in  table form available as PDF file . You can also download this pdf file for future use ………


to access the pdf file just click the below download pdf file text


                                       Download PDF File






Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

How to make age calculator tool website on blogger

How to make age calculator tool website on blogger How to make age calculator on  Blogger Website . We will know all these things in this article related to  make age calculator . Nowadays  blogging  is at one level only. So in such a situation there are different departments in the blogging sector. So, one of the best is tool website. Many of my subscribers have asked me in the comment that  how can we make age calculator tool websiteon Blogger / Blogspot Platform? Your age calculator looks like this .... Let me tell you clearly that a different trend of  Age Calculator  is going on. So in such a situation, everyone wants to have their own age calculator tool. So in such a situation, I have explained in detail in this post how you can easily make age calculation tool. What is Age Calculator Tool? There are many new bloggers who have just entered the field of blogging. Which are they to do something new in this blogging industry? So in such a situ...
Post a Comment
Read more

1st Year Chemistry Short Questions (Chapter 10)

 If you are in 1st year class And searching for important short questions for your exams preparation than read it out  Here is some short questions from chapter 10 of 1st year INTRODUCTION   1. Define electrochemistry? 2. Differentiate oxidation & réduction  3. Explain the difference b/w electrolytic cell & voltic cell,  OXIDATION STATE  4. Write four rules used to assign oxidation state of element. 5. What is oxidation no. of hydrogen & oxygen in their compounds? 6. Calculate oxidation no. of Cl in Ca(CIO3)2, NaCI, KCI & KClO3 7. Calculate oxidation no. of Cr in Cr2(SO4)3& Cr2O7^-2 8. What is oxidation no.? Determine Oxidation No. of P in H3PO4 9. Calculate the oxidation no. of S in SO4^2-& Mn in KMnO4  ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTION & ELECTROLYTIC CELL   10. What is difference b/w metallic and electrolytic conduction?  11. Define electrolysis and ionization. 12. Describe the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. ...
Post a Comment
Read more

How to download any movie from website for free

 Assalam u Alaikum ! I hope all of you are fine and enjoying your life happily . You are reading TN WRITES . In today post I am going to tell you how you can download any movie using filmymeet website which is a free website . Here is Step by Step process :- 1)- Open your Google Chrome or any other browser which you use in your daily life .....  Currently , I am using Google Chrome browser ... 2)-Search in search bar  "Filmymeet"  3)-Open first website .... "Filmymeet"  If you can't find this website than don't worry just click on the following name of website Filmymeet You will directly goes to the home page of website . 4)-Here is the homepage of filmymeet  5)-If you get your movie on homepage it's good but if you don't get your required movie than just scroll down and find search bar which is nearly at the bottom of page ..... And search your desired movie with it's correct name  For example , If I want to download IRON MAN Movie than I have t...
Post a Comment
Read more